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1001
Tales
By
Margaret Black
The
Hakawati
By
Rabih Alameddine
Alfred A. Knopf, 513 pages, $25.95
“Listen.
Let me tell you a story.” Rabih Alameddine is the real thing:
a natural-born hakawati, a storyteller. His novel of
the same name is a rollicking succession of stories nested
in stories nested in other stories—some real, some imaginary,
all true, all fiction. Alameddine puts Scheherazade to shame
. . . poor girl.
The book opens with a tale of an emir whose beloved wife has
produced a dozen delightful daughters, but no sons. A slave
woman, Fatima, has the solution, but it will require her to
travel to Egypt to get a special potion. The emir agrees and
Fatima sets out only to run into a ferocious band of robbers.
With that story underway, the novel shifts to the year 2001,
as 40-year-old Osama al-Kharrat arrives back in Beirut from
Los Angeles, where he has lived for 25 years. His father is
in the hospital, on his deathbed, surrounded by squads of
relatives and others, both loved and unloved. Ostensibly,
The Hakawati is about this particular Lebanese family—about
the strange events concerning its marriages, occupations,
births, and deaths. The family history just happens to coincide
with that of modern Lebanon.
But such a flat summary would humiliate even a novice hakawati.
As Osama’s grandfather says when he denounces a bad hakawati,
“He’s an incompetent dimwit who wouldn’t be able to talk himself
out of his execution.” As the grandfather, Osama, his sister
and his uncle drive home through Beirut’s now dangerous streets,
they are stopped by some thuggish militia men. But Uncle Jihad,
brilliant amateur hakawati that he is, talks them all out
of possible execution.
The novel leaps and skitters and slips through space and time—“‘Time
was much longer then,’ my grandfather said, ‘in the old days’”—never
once losing or confusing us readers with whose tale or into
which time we’ve just landed. Fatima overcomes the robbers
and gets the magic potion, but uses it herself after having
spectacular intercourse with Afreet Jehanan, who’s essentially
the jinn in charge of Hell. (The reasons for this, and how
she arrives in the afreet’s bed of snakes and scorpions, are,
of course, tales in themselves.)
The emir’s wife can give birth to a boy if her husband tells
her an appropriately masculine story. So he begins the tale
of the great Muslim hero, Baybars, the Egyptian Mamluk (slave)
king who defeated the last Christian crusade, as well as the
Mongols. The story of Baybars just happens to be one of the
grandfather’s favorite tales. But it is hard to judge whose
history is more remarkable, that of Baybars, or that of the
grandfather, born the bastard child of an English doctor and
his Armenian servant. Just as the boy is about to be exterminated
by the Turks, he flees to Beirut, where, after time spent
flying pigeons, he finds himself telling stories in seedy
cafes. He is discovered there by a Druze bey, or clan leader,
who hires the boy as permanent entertainment. It is the bey
who gives the grandfather his name—Ismail al-Kharrat—and,
incidentally, his new religion. “I came to Beirut,” the grandfather
tells Osama, “and created our story.”
Alameddine conjures the ever-changing complexity of multicultural,
multi- religious Lebanon without your even noticing what he’s
doing. The al-Kharrats collect Druze, Muslims, and Christians
of all stripes—Anglican, Catholic, Orthodox, Maronite—into
the family fold. Not all is sweetness and light, of course,
personally or politically. There is, after all, no avoiding
Lebanon’s long, horrendous civil war. But the real villains
in this novel are people like Sitt Hawwar, an evil gossip
who manages to insinuate that teenage Aunt Samia has had an
abortion and, as a consequence, no one will marry her. In
the Baybars story, the nearly inextinguishable villain is
Arbusto, whose name must surely reference the oil company
(Arbusto Energy Inc.) founded by George W. Bush.
Nor does our author sideline women and turn them into compliant
doormats. Whether it’s Fatima wrecking havoc in Hell, or Osama’s
sister Lina taking over the family business, you don’t want
to mess with these manic women. In one glorious scene, Osama
goes with his Uncle Jihad to a run-down café to hear a radio
concert by the famous Egyptian diva Umm Kalthoum. Her power
to move her audience—through a radio broadcast, no less—bespeaks
a value far above gender, that of art. Here Alameddine slyly
instructs his Western audience about some of the greatest
poetry in the Muslim world, to say nothing of its music.
The
Hakawati contains a zillion folk tales. Someone is always
saying, “Listen. Let me tell you a story.” Some of these you’ll
recognize (Orpheus, Psyche and Cupid), and some of them are
strange, but all are woven into Alameddine’s large tapestry
such that they become the richness of its thousand-flowered
background.
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